Payment Error Rate Measurement (PERM) program is an effective method of measuring improper payments in the Medicaid and State Child Health Insurance programs. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) will conduct this program this year and the New York State (NYS), after their last participation in the federal fiscal year 2021, will be joining for the sixth time this year. Sections 1902(a)(27) and 2107(b)(1) of the Social Security Act empower CMS (their contractors), NCI. Inc., and the NYS Office of the Medicaid Inspector General to collect information. Besides, the 1996 HIPAA statutes and regulations require the provision of such information upon request even without prior consent of the patient.